Difference between revisions of "Alipi"
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| − | + | This is the big caveat. "In science, we try to break things down into the simplest parts while still considering the context," Hayes said. <a href=http://www.airmaxnike.us.com/>nike air max</a> AFC scout: He's a good player. He's just small. d <a href=http://www.cheapjordanshoes.us.org/>http://www.cheapjordanshoes.us.org</a> | |
| − | + | The Judge in this case is GUILTY of:- AIDING and ABETTING, ABUSE of POWER, FAILURE to do HIS DUTY, <a href=http://www.cheapnfljerseys.site/>cheap nfl jerseys wholesale</a> There was perhaps a disconnect between much of the art on view and the VIP audience scrutinizing it. From portraits of black lesbians in South Africa to the 24/7 documentation of an artist s dying days, from the political indictment of an English prince to the humble cardboard sculptures of Iraqi artists, much of the art was rooted in the realities of oppression, injustice and human struggle. | |
| − | + | v "This kind of thing can be demoralizing for people who go abroad to study. <a href=http://www.airjordanshoes.net.co/>nike air jordans</a> The national agricultural oversight agency, Rosselkhznadzor, said a total of 290 metric tons of banned imported fruit and vegetables were destroyed around the country on Thursday, along with 29.3 metric tons of animal products. <a href=http://www.coachfactoryoutlet.click/>http://www.coachfactoryoutlet.click</a> | |
| − | + | He broke the track record when winning a Listed race at Cork on his penultimate start. <a href=http://www.monclerjacketsonline.us.com/>moncler parka</a> And Mickies鈥?pancakes are an integral part of that mix. Go ahead, pick your size-centric metaphor to describe what鈥檚 eclipsing every inch of your plate: A manhole cover. The world鈥檚 biggest Frisbee. Captain America鈥檚 shield. You could opt for one of the unusual options scrawled on the main wall鈥攃ornmeal or banana cinnamon pancakes鈥攂ut it鈥檚 awfully hard to say no to a full order of chocolate chip pancakes, a pair of thick cakes that scarcely need syrup to stand on their own. Just be prepared to enjoy the sizable goodness quickly鈥攊t鈥檚 a sure bet that several someones are waiting for your seat.聽 http://www.monclerjacketsonline.us.com | |
| − | + | The Nebraska football program will have one fewer backup quarterback next season. <a href=http://www.boots-uggs.us.com/>Uggs Outlet</a> Vincente Montano s mother called police for help at least twice in 2004. In February of that year, Denise Pruett told officers he was destructive and broke a coffee table and jewelry box. Police took Montano to a mental hospital for an evaluation, though the results of that are unclear. f <a href=http://www.AtlantaFalconsJersey.us.com/>Wholesale NFL Jerseys</a> | |
| − | + | It would be great to have someone like Hashim Amla, but I don鈥檛 think the South African board would want him to come. <a href=http://www.airjordanshoes.net.co/>nike air jordans</a> The executive order put Belmar in charge of police operations in Ferguson and the surrounding areas. | |
| − | + | And yet that pleasant memory brings a pained smile to Jordan Aaron's face when he tells it. He does love this time of year for what happens on the court and still, he hurts. <a href=http://www.outletmichael-kors.us.com/>Michael Kors</a> When he was restrained with plastic handcuffs, he slid one of his hands out, the complaint said. | |
| − | + | BUMP IN THE ROAD <a href=http://www.airmaxnike.us.com/>air max 95</a> And so with a particular penchant for the history of hues but also the memory of a book group gone bust, killed by a color-related tome, the saga of green arrived to my desk last week. | |
| − | We | + | The NL All-Stars used the Reds clubhouse, and one locker assignment brought a few smiles: Cardinals catcher Yadier Molina was assigned to Brandon Phillips' locker. <a href=http://www.coachonlineoutlet.us.org/>www.coachonlineoutlet.us.org</a> Ahead of the pledging conference, Chris Gunness, spokesperson for the UN agency for Palestine refugees (UNRWA), which is asking for $415 million to support more than 550,000 Palestine refugees registered in Syria, said: If we do not receive funds immediately at the Kuwait conference, the programme of cash assistance to nearly half a million people will halt in a matter of a few days. |
| − | + | m Waterman is satisfied with his departure. "My only concern, rather conceitedly, was that the stories had flashbacks of myself as a young man 鈥?and anyone who has seen The Sweeney will know exactly what I looked like back in the 1970s. But they cast a great young actor called Samuel Oatley for the part and I'll let the audience judge how alike we are." <a href=http://www.michaelkorsoutlet.com.co/>http://www.michaelkorsoutlet.com.co</a> 'King prawns in garlic butter, with pea shoots and cress for my wife and son' 'My vegetarian son chose the Hellion goats cheese and spinach tart' He is not a vegetarian if he eats shellfish. This sort of thing only serves to confuse restaurant owners into thinking they offer a good vegetarian selection if there are plenty of fish and seafood options. | |
| + | The Associated Press contributed to this report. <a href=http://www.louisvuittonoutlet.me/>Louis Vuitton Outlet</a> Two of the main unresolved points were among those deemed most important to New Zealand: improved access for dairy products into the US, Canada and Japan, and the demands of US pharmaceutical firms for longer patent terms for new drug treatments. b <a href=http://www.moncleroutlet.nom.co/>moncler outlet online</a> | ||
| + | Jack Jobson Handicap <a href=http://www.coachonlineoutlet.us.org/>Coach Factory</a> It felt pretty good, he said in a brief interview. | ||
| + | y YSBndW4gYmVjYXVzZSBoaXMgcmVjb3JkcyB3ZXJlbiYjODIxNzt0IGltbWVkaWF0ZWx5IGFjY2Vz <a href=http://www.oakleysunglasses.nom.co/>fake oakley sunglasses</a> Le programme antimissile isra lien a donc t g n reusement financ par l Oncle Sam. En 2014 seulement, le syst me du D me de fer a re u 351鈥痬illions de dollars et le syst me Arrow environ 120鈥痬illions de dollars de fonds am ricains. Quant la Fronde de David, le programme a t budg tis 150鈥痬illions de dollars, en plus des 3,1鈥痬illiards de dollars d aide militaire am ricaine.Le co t op rationnel des intercepteurs reste le talon d Achille du syst me. Chaque missile de D me de fer co te environ 50 000鈥痙ollars. Le co t d une Fronde de David se situe entre 700 000 et 1鈥痬illion de dollars l unit . Il faut compter 2,7鈥痬illions de dollars pour un intercepteur Arrow2 et 2,2鈥痬illions de dollars pour un Arrow 3. o | ||
| + | Burgess will be joined in the Saxons group by his Bath colleagues Ollie Devoto, Henry Thomas and Matt Garvey, while the club's exhilarating current form is underlined by backs Anthony Watson, George Ford, Jonathan Joseph and Kyle Eastmond all making England's RBS 6 Nations training squad. <a href=http://www.oakleyglasses.us.org/>cheap oakley sunglasses</a> Dried ginger can be steeped in water to create a liquid flavoring. Pickled ginger, which is thinly sliced fresh ginger that's been preserved in rice vinegar, is used as a condiment with sushi. Candied, or crystallized, ginger can be used in baked goods, as can dried ground ginger. <a href=http://www.glassesoakley.us.com/>oakley sunglasses</a> | ||
| + | Charity staff distribute aid to the residents of the besieged Yarmouk camp in March. <a href=http://www.ArizonaCardinalsJersey.us.com/>Cheap Jerseys From China</a> In 2010, Compugen decided to focus only on immune checkpoint drugs - molecules that induce the immune system to attack malignant tumors itself. One drug from this group, Yervoy, developed by Bristol Myers Squibb Co. (NYSE: BMY), was a great success, and other pharmaceutical companies rushed after other molecules from this group. Compugen's agreement today with Bayer Healthcare suggests that the bet paid off. p <a href=http://www.coachoutlet.nom.co/>Coach Factory Outlet</a> | ||
| + | Nadia Sawalha (2007) - Chirpy actress and presenter Sawalha has published a handful of recipe books since her MasterChef victory. <a href=http://www.coachfactoryoutlet.click/>Coach Factory</a> One resulted in a $1,500 payment to a Michigan woman because a laboratory sent her test results to the wrong clinic. The settlement was identical to what records show was offered by the lab after the error was discovered. The second case ended with an acknowledgment that there was no negligence. | ||
| + | MOTHER-DAUGHTER LOTTERY WINNERS <a href=http://www.uggbootsblackfriday.us.com/>Uggs Outlet</a> Meanwhile, Bangladesh s disaster management and relief minister, Mofazzal Hossain Chowdhury Maya, insisted on a visit to affected areas that the government was responding effectively. o <a href=http://www.uggbootsblackfriday.us.com/>ugg boots</a> | ||
| + | Mowden Park director of rugby Danny Brown said: "We are delighted for Matt and I hope it shows that whilst we want to progress with players like Matt we also want to see players develop to their full potential and to do that at one of the biggest teams in club rugby is a real opportunity. <a href=http://www.boots-uggs.us.com/>Uggs Outlet</a> Miss Lucas then took to the top step to make her victory speech. She 鈥渨as well received鈥? said the Echo. 鈥淪he felt it a huge honour and privilege to represent the Cockerton Ward. She thanked those who had worked and voted for her, and she hoped they would never have cause to regret sending a woman to the Darlington County Council.鈥? | ||
==Formalization== | ==Formalization== | ||
Revision as of 09:46, 9 September 2015
Contents
Etymology
"aLipi" means without-alphabet or text/print-impaired (non-literates/low-literates).
lipi means alphabet, letter, writing or script in Sanskrit. The "a" sound as a prefix is mostly used as negation in Sanskrit and many Indian languages. We also use the phrase "aLipi - God's own content" to present re-narration as a suitable method to provide content accessibility for all.
Abstract
Over 10% of Indian population(120 million) have accessed Internet by December 2011 where 90% of those 10% are from urban areas [iamai]. However, Mobile communications, has reached 900 million Indians in 10 years. By the proliferation of mobile devices in remote areas [iamai] and the smart phones becoming affordable [aakash], Internet access by rural agricultural and pastoral nomads is becoming a reality. While Internet accessibility groups have developed authoring guidelines and standards for "disabled" Internet users, they do assume that such a user is a (considerably) literate person. What would it be to provision Internet accessibility to non-literates?
So, in addition to the visually handicapped, the other significant part of the entire population, like the insufficiently literate are also a large target community in developing countries like India, for provisioning screen reading of content. However, This segment would benefit from a visually rich rendition of a site while "reading out" the content. And it is important to address this segment now.
Introduction
aLipi is an investigation into creating and managing locally relevant accessible content for communities, this is a web-accessibility project which allows users to re-narrate the Web pages or elements, and to access other users' re-narrations. Thus it changes access to web-content in ways that are relevant for any user, but may be particularly useful to text-impaired users and others who are lost in translation.
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v "This kind of thing can be demoralizing for people who go abroad to study. <a href=http://www.airjordanshoes.net.co/>nike air jordans</a> The national agricultural oversight agency, Rosselkhznadzor, said a total of 290 metric tons of banned imported fruit and vegetables were destroyed around the country on Thursday, along with 29.3 metric tons of animal products. <a href=http://www.coachfactoryoutlet.click/>http://www.coachfactoryoutlet.click</a>
He broke the track record when winning a Listed race at Cork on his penultimate start. <a href=http://www.monclerjacketsonline.us.com/>moncler parka</a> And Mickies鈥?pancakes are an integral part of that mix. Go ahead, pick your size-centric metaphor to describe what鈥檚 eclipsing every inch of your plate: A manhole cover. The world鈥檚 biggest Frisbee. Captain America鈥檚 shield. You could opt for one of the unusual options scrawled on the main wall鈥攃ornmeal or banana cinnamon pancakes鈥攂ut it鈥檚 awfully hard to say no to a full order of chocolate chip pancakes, a pair of thick cakes that scarcely need syrup to stand on their own. Just be prepared to enjoy the sizable goodness quickly鈥攊t鈥檚 a sure bet that several someones are waiting for your seat.聽 http://www.monclerjacketsonline.us.com
The Nebraska football program will have one fewer backup quarterback next season. <a href=http://www.boots-uggs.us.com/>Uggs Outlet</a> Vincente Montano s mother called police for help at least twice in 2004. In February of that year, Denise Pruett told officers he was destructive and broke a coffee table and jewelry box. Police took Montano to a mental hospital for an evaluation, though the results of that are unclear. f <a href=http://www.AtlantaFalconsJersey.us.com/>Wholesale NFL Jerseys</a>
It would be great to have someone like Hashim Amla, but I don鈥檛 think the South African board would want him to come. <a href=http://www.airjordanshoes.net.co/>nike air jordans</a> The executive order put Belmar in charge of police operations in Ferguson and the surrounding areas.
And yet that pleasant memory brings a pained smile to Jordan Aaron's face when he tells it. He does love this time of year for what happens on the court and still, he hurts. <a href=http://www.outletmichael-kors.us.com/>Michael Kors</a> When he was restrained with plastic handcuffs, he slid one of his hands out, the complaint said.
BUMP IN THE ROAD <a href=http://www.airmaxnike.us.com/>air max 95</a> And so with a particular penchant for the history of hues but also the memory of a book group gone bust, killed by a color-related tome, the saga of green arrived to my desk last week.
The NL All-Stars used the Reds clubhouse, and one locker assignment brought a few smiles: Cardinals catcher Yadier Molina was assigned to Brandon Phillips' locker. <a href=http://www.coachonlineoutlet.us.org/>www.coachonlineoutlet.us.org</a> Ahead of the pledging conference, Chris Gunness, spokesperson for the UN agency for Palestine refugees (UNRWA), which is asking for $415 million to support more than 550,000 Palestine refugees registered in Syria, said: If we do not receive funds immediately at the Kuwait conference, the programme of cash assistance to nearly half a million people will halt in a matter of a few days.
m Waterman is satisfied with his departure. "My only concern, rather conceitedly, was that the stories had flashbacks of myself as a young man 鈥?and anyone who has seen The Sweeney will know exactly what I looked like back in the 1970s. But they cast a great young actor called Samuel Oatley for the part and I'll let the audience judge how alike we are." <a href=http://www.michaelkorsoutlet.com.co/>http://www.michaelkorsoutlet.com.co</a> 'King prawns in garlic butter, with pea shoots and cress for my wife and son' 'My vegetarian son chose the Hellion goats cheese and spinach tart' He is not a vegetarian if he eats shellfish. This sort of thing only serves to confuse restaurant owners into thinking they offer a good vegetarian selection if there are plenty of fish and seafood options.
The Associated Press contributed to this report. <a href=http://www.louisvuittonoutlet.me/>Louis Vuitton Outlet</a> Two of the main unresolved points were among those deemed most important to New Zealand: improved access for dairy products into the US, Canada and Japan, and the demands of US pharmaceutical firms for longer patent terms for new drug treatments. b <a href=http://www.moncleroutlet.nom.co/>moncler outlet online</a>
Jack Jobson Handicap <a href=http://www.coachonlineoutlet.us.org/>Coach Factory</a> It felt pretty good, he said in a brief interview.
y YSBndW4gYmVjYXVzZSBoaXMgcmVjb3JkcyB3ZXJlbiYjODIxNzt0IGltbWVkaWF0ZWx5IGFjY2Vz <a href=http://www.oakleysunglasses.nom.co/>fake oakley sunglasses</a> Le programme antimissile isra lien a donc t g n reusement financ par l Oncle Sam. En 2014 seulement, le syst me du D me de fer a re u 351鈥痬illions de dollars et le syst me Arrow environ 120鈥痬illions de dollars de fonds am ricains. Quant la Fronde de David, le programme a t budg tis 150鈥痬illions de dollars, en plus des 3,1鈥痬illiards de dollars d aide militaire am ricaine.Le co t op rationnel des intercepteurs reste le talon d Achille du syst me. Chaque missile de D me de fer co te environ 50 000鈥痙ollars. Le co t d une Fronde de David se situe entre 700 000 et 1鈥痬illion de dollars l unit . Il faut compter 2,7鈥痬illions de dollars pour un intercepteur Arrow2 et 2,2鈥痬illions de dollars pour un Arrow 3. o
Burgess will be joined in the Saxons group by his Bath colleagues Ollie Devoto, Henry Thomas and Matt Garvey, while the club's exhilarating current form is underlined by backs Anthony Watson, George Ford, Jonathan Joseph and Kyle Eastmond all making England's RBS 6 Nations training squad. <a href=http://www.oakleyglasses.us.org/>cheap oakley sunglasses</a> Dried ginger can be steeped in water to create a liquid flavoring. Pickled ginger, which is thinly sliced fresh ginger that's been preserved in rice vinegar, is used as a condiment with sushi. Candied, or crystallized, ginger can be used in baked goods, as can dried ground ginger. <a href=http://www.glassesoakley.us.com/>oakley sunglasses</a>
Charity staff distribute aid to the residents of the besieged Yarmouk camp in March. <a href=http://www.ArizonaCardinalsJersey.us.com/>Cheap Jerseys From China</a> In 2010, Compugen decided to focus only on immune checkpoint drugs - molecules that induce the immune system to attack malignant tumors itself. One drug from this group, Yervoy, developed by Bristol Myers Squibb Co. (NYSE: BMY), was a great success, and other pharmaceutical companies rushed after other molecules from this group. Compugen's agreement today with Bayer Healthcare suggests that the bet paid off. p <a href=http://www.coachoutlet.nom.co/>Coach Factory Outlet</a>
Nadia Sawalha (2007) - Chirpy actress and presenter Sawalha has published a handful of recipe books since her MasterChef victory. <a href=http://www.coachfactoryoutlet.click/>Coach Factory</a> One resulted in a $1,500 payment to a Michigan woman because a laboratory sent her test results to the wrong clinic. The settlement was identical to what records show was offered by the lab after the error was discovered. The second case ended with an acknowledgment that there was no negligence.
MOTHER-DAUGHTER LOTTERY WINNERS <a href=http://www.uggbootsblackfriday.us.com/>Uggs Outlet</a> Meanwhile, Bangladesh s disaster management and relief minister, Mofazzal Hossain Chowdhury Maya, insisted on a visit to affected areas that the government was responding effectively. o <a href=http://www.uggbootsblackfriday.us.com/>ugg boots</a>
Mowden Park director of rugby Danny Brown said: "We are delighted for Matt and I hope it shows that whilst we want to progress with players like Matt we also want to see players develop to their full potential and to do that at one of the biggest teams in club rugby is a real opportunity. <a href=http://www.boots-uggs.us.com/>Uggs Outlet</a> Miss Lucas then took to the top step to make her victory speech. She 鈥渨as well received鈥? said the Echo. 鈥淪he felt it a huge honour and privilege to represent the Cockerton Ward. She thanked those who had worked and voted for her, and she hoped they would never have cause to regret sending a woman to the Darlington County Council.鈥?
Formalization
The problem addressed by this project, is the issue of web-accessibility for the text-impaired in the Web 2.0 era. We introduce the idea of re-narration as the basis for ”designing for inclusion.” In this model a web page or even an element of a web is rewritten, i.e., re-narrated, to make it accessible to a target audience of users in a completely decentralized way. A simple way to formalize re-narration is, Transformation on web elements. Using this formalization, we indicate how re-narration is a way of realizing the social semantic web.
Implementation
Following this social semantic web model, that adds a few tags to identify certain annotations as re-narrations, identify the target community for the re-narration and also the original object that is being re-narrated, using a combination of url and xpaths, these web documents can then be indexed by services that aid the re-narration activities and the recommendation process to help choose the most suitable narration for an aLipi user.
Towards this is a11y.in - "re-narration Web". It is a generic Web-framework for developing and rendering narratives that assist in accessing Web-content across cultural boundaries. Re-narration Web is therefore about Web-accessibility for digital Inclusion or e-inclusion.
Alipi web framework is supported by a set of tools that demonstrates the feasibility of the re-narration web. alipi.us is a site that people can use to re-narrate and to also view available alternative narratives, with out having to install any browser extensions. These user utility tools are 1) Authoring tool for narrators and 2) Rendition tool for the target user to view the narratives.
The Authoring Tool
This tool allows a user to re-narrate a webpage of choice. It makes the page content(sub-trees/terms in a page) editable by giving the user the possibility to replace a text content with text and/or provide an audio description of it. Replace an image with another image, more suitable for a given target. For example, While cabs are yellow in New York City but black in London,indicates the style of the re-narration. A summary, translation etc, indicates the language of the re-narration, the geo-graphical localization of the targeted community.
The Rendition Tool
This tool allows a user to view a list of alternative narratives available for a target, render the page using a selected mashup of available narratives for the target's interest for terms/sub-trees/elements at a xpath-indicated fragment of the page.
Plugin and Mobile App
Alipi Firefox add-on helps in indicating to a user when alternative narratives are available for a url. In the future, this can be configured to indicate only if narratives are available that are suitable for the user. An Android browser app allows a mobile user to select a suitable narrative if available. The initial version of Alipi browser extension is implemented as a Firefox plugin alipi.xpi.
This plugin supports notifying the user of available alternative narratives for a given url, re-rendition of the page using a set of narratives and authoring of re-narration of a web page.
Demo
Try it! On a Firefox. alipi.us. Sites can also integrate it: See Alipi link on Raika BCP page. A directory of links with re-narrations is at alipi.us/dir
See ReNarrationAct for the showcase project associating the delivery of law relating to domestic workers on a mobile phone, through re-narrations.
We mocked up how a web-site could be played as a slide-show here. The idea behind this slide-show is explained here.
We also took up minimum wages law for domestic workers as an use case scenario. With the help of lawyers and domestic workers we re-narrated the page. After re-narration it could be clearly seen that more domestic workers could understand the law better now.
Report
Current code-base, development status at Alipi git-hub
August 2011 Janastu/Servelots report describes the development of alipi.
Acknowledgements
alipi / a11y.in research and development is open source, and is seeking developers, narrators, designers and Internet interest groups to help with development, demonstration and formalization so that an effective consolidation of architecture, processes and recommendations can evolve over the next few of years.
Currently we have two mailing lists:
alipi-dev @ googlegroups.com for developers
alipi-users @ googlegroups.com for users
We also are live on #alipi at irc.freenode.net.
and some outdates. And some News clippings of Interest
References
- W4A paper http://servelots.com/d/W4Aalipi.pdf
- W4A slides http://servelots.com/d/alipi/w4a-slides/
- M4D paper http://servelots.com/d/m4d-feb12delhi-ASocialWebforAnotherBillionFinalSubmission.pdf
- Alipi report http://j.mp/alipi2011
